1969, the world, eyes riveted to the TV screens, followed with bated breath Neil Armstrong’s the first steps on the moon. The public was tremendously excited by the conquest of space, the dream of absolute and limitless freedom that unites all people.

Developed in 1969, rapidly becoming the benchmark of watchmaking, the El Primero 400 – its Esperanto name expresses the concept of humanistic universality – illustrates the creative genius and subtlety of Zenith Manufacture. Almost academic in design, making no concessions to anything unessential, El Primero is a masterpiece of innovation. Its perfect integration enables a movement that occupies very little space to be both reliable and accurate: the position of each plate, each gear and each component is optimized. Furthermore, the column wheel, the real conductor of the chronograph, centralizes and coordinates the orders transmitted by the push-buttons.

“El Primero’s limit is that there is no limit!”

Thierry Nataf, President and CEO of Zenith International

Unrivalled to date, El Primero is the only chronograph movement capable of measuring short periods of time with 1/10^th of a second accuracy, a performance made possible by using a balance that oscillates at 36,000 vibrations per hour. This absolute accuracy means that the movement passes the tests of the COSC (Swiss Official Chronometer Testing Institute. As a double push-button chronograph with over 50 hours of autonomy, this movement – which also has an instantaneous jump calendar – can accept other complication add-ons: Triple Calendar, Moon Phase, Flyback...

Accurate, reliable and sophisticated, the El Primero, with its pearly, angular, planished decoration, is a symbol of excellence: it is a testimonial to the art of watchmaking down through the centuries and represents the pinnacle of watchmaking accomplishment. It will be the basis for the various current models of the 4000 series, with their new integral complications, the famous OPEN (4021) being a good example.

Tourbillon, Open versions, power reserve, Grande Date, Flyback are the complications that have transformed, completed and perfected this exceptional movement; just five years ago, no-one would have imagined that these complications could feature on a high frequency calibre. The calibre requires a total of nine months of work, needs 5 to 50 separate operations per piece, demands 50 separate grinding operations for the bridge dimensions. Twenty watchmakers are actively involved in making one movement and no fewer than 18 different metals are used.

Always copied but never equalled, the El Primero today is a watch movement philosophy that comes in 23 versions. They are the basis for collections such as ACADEMY, CHRONOMASTER and CLASS for the classical models, DEFY and PORT ROYAL for the modern lines, and STAR and STARISSIME for the ladies timepieces.

Today the El Primero is centre stage, where it occupies a dominating position in the chronograph family.

In 2009, Zenith celebrates the 40^th anniversary of the El Primero which was created in 1969. This occasion is marked by the launch of two special series celebrating the first timepiece to be fitted with the legendary El Primero calibre: The Originals and New Vintage 69.

The El Primero calibre for these Anniversary series has been named the 469 in nodding acknowledgement of the year in which the original model was created. This automatic Date Chronograph movement comprises 278 components and 31 rubies.

The tribute is orchestrated in 3 parts, with three materials for the same (40 mm) case design directly inspired by the original model, in a collector’s limited edition series.

“We will re-issue the stainless steel models, produce a more refined gold version and bring them into the 21^st Century with a titanium version” announced Thierry Nataf. “We want to celebrate the present unpretentiously, but, with a great deal of relevance and talent, I hope, in honour of a model that is now a true legend”.

The first series, named “The Originals”, is faithful to the vintage design, but with a subtle twist for the counters which meet and almost touch at the centre of the dial.

The second collection, “New Vintage 1969”, comprises models also inspired by the original model. The El Primero Anniversary logo on the dial at 7 o’clock is echoed in the engraving on the transparent sapphire back of the case - a special detail that immediately commands attention. The dials in this series are crossed by an unusual band of light.

Movement
		El Primero 469, Automatic
Calibre	:	13 ¼ ``` (Diameter : 30 mm)
Height	:	6.50 mm
Components	:	278
Jewels	:	31
Frequency	:	36’000 V/h – (5 Hz)
Power reserve	:	min. 50 hours
Finishings	:	22-carat Gold, Metal or Black Titanium oscillating weight, decorated with “Côtes de Genève” pattern
Case, Dial & Hands
Material	:	18-carat Rose Gold, Stainless Steel or Ti 2 Black Titanium
Diameter	:	40 mm
Diameter opening	:	32 mm
Crystal	:	Box-form sapphire glass with anti-reflection treatment on both sides
Case-back	:	Transparent sapphire glass with Anniversary Logo
Water-resistance	:	50 meters
Dial	:	Gold plated, Silver plain or Transparent
Indexes	:	Hand-mounted applied indexes in 18-carat Gold or in Rhodium with Superluminova
Hands	:	Black or Red sanded with White or Green Superluminova
Functions
		Hours and minutes in the center Small Seconds hand at 9 o’clock Date indicator at 4 ½ o’clock
Chronograph	:	• Central seconds-hand • 30-minute counter at 3 o’clock • 12-hour counter at 6 o’clock • Tachometric scale
Strap & Buckle
Strap	:	Black or Brown Alligator or Black Alligator “Rubber finishing”
Buckle	:	18-carat Rose Gold, Stainless Steel or Ti 2 Black Titanium tongue buckle
Strap	:	27.00.2018.492 Black Alligator Leather 27.00.2018.504 Brown Alligator Leather 27.00.2018.683 Black Alligator “Rubber finishing”
Buckle	:	27.01.0018.007 Steel 27.17.0018.006 Rose Gold 27.96.0018.001 Titanium